新技术不仅降低了作业成本，而且降低了安全与环境风险。 编译：大安 TOM 面对不稳定的大宗商品价格、不断增加的监管与全球竞争，油气公司需要严格管理成本，还需降低安全与环境风险，******将目光转向新兴技术，来推动作业的进步。 长期以来，工业物联网（IIoT）概念被认为是提高油气作业效率、确保安全环保的关键，同时它还可增加产量，降低劳动力成本。IIoT主要涉及传感、通信与分析功能，其中数据由传感器捕获，通过网络传输，并由计算机（通常是在云端）进行分析。然后，将信息发送给终端用户，帮助他们做出更快、更明智的作业决策。 ******在实施IIOT战略方面进展缓慢，一些项目确实未能实现预期的投资回报，但很明显，随着赋能技术（如云计算与人工智能）的出现，IIOT代表了行业变革的真正机遇。IIOT具有巨大的潜力，******在确保安全与环保的同时，提高人员的作业效率。智能可视化监控是一项可帮助释放IIoT价值的技术，它利用联网摄像机捕获视频流，并通过自动分析视频，找出异常，比如泄漏或可疑活动。 麦肯锡公司的《视频邂逅物联网》指出：“视频分析是一种将机器学习算法应用于视频反馈的技术，可基于摄像头自动识别人、物体以及状况。最具创新性的某些物联网应用涉及了该技术。这些应用程序较为新颖，有几个因素正促进其发展，包括：分析算法复杂程度的提高；硬件、软件、存储成本的降低。” 可视化监控系统 Osprey Informatics等公司正在为油气行业提供智能可视化监控解决方案。在作业中，Osprey Reach公司的智能可视化监控平台能够捕获任意数量摄像机的视频。然后，它使用计算机视觉技术来分析这些数据。计算机视觉技术属于人工智能，可自动检测图像与视频中的活动或设备异常。该平台还将图像和视频的数据与其他传感器和系统的数据相关联，以提高分析结果的可靠性。最终，通过创建个性化警报与报告，向终端用户发出事件相关的警报。 例如，公司使用智能可视化监控技术来了解现场的车辆与人员活动。通过准确检测车辆和/或人员，向远程用户发送报告或警报，公司可提高现场的安全性，监控单独的工作人员。通过将现场作业时间与签到表相匹配，还可验证承包商的作业。在这些应用场景中，确保不出现错误警报至关重要，这样用户才能够充分信任该系统。为了达到这一目标，Osprey公司采用了两段式分析过程，其中运动分析用于检测运动，然后用计算机视觉算法分析运动事件的图像，以确定是否存在车辆或人。此方法大幅减少了室外环境视频分析相关的错误警报。然后，将异常警报将发送给已订阅这些类型事件的用户。因此，用户可得到准确、可操作的警报。 作为IIOT生态系统的关键部分，重要的是将可视化监控的数据与其他传感器和系统的数据相关联，以便客户在不处理多个屏幕、应用程序与数据集的情况下，更好地了解他们的作业。例如，某公司可能收到来自SCADA系统的警报，指示油箱液位突然下降。若在SCADA警报中添加油箱的图像，无论是泄漏还是油罐车正在加油，作业者就可迅速确定液位下降的原因。此集成视图可显示在SCADA软件界面或可视化监控系统中。例如，Osprey与Zedi Solutions合作，Zedi Access分析平台就能够显示来自Osprey Reach的图像，这些图像与Zedi系统生成的警报相关联。然后，客户可以通过查看结合了SCADA数据的实时与历史图像，更深入地了解关键事件并采取相应措施。 客户使用可视化监控系统可远程检查设备与基础设施，就无需进行现场的实地检查。用户可以通过预置位置菜单，控制平移变焦相机，查看与汇报设备情况。然后，共享这些信息，以便进行多人协作，并确定工作优先级。该技术可利用单个专用摄像头监测多个设备。基于远程在线检查功能，客户可显著提高作业效率，同时还可减少前往现场的次数，增加了安全性，降低了尾气排放。 保护环境、遵守法规 Osprey Reach不仅可用于监控与检查偏远地区和无人现场，还可用于保护环境与遵守法规。排******，将面临巨额罚款与监管费用。幸运的是，可视化监控系统可以利用热光谱与红外光谱，使用户能够看到肉眼看不到的东西。例如，热成像仪可以检测温度变化，来判断是否发生设备过热或注水井漏失。然后，用户可以收到这些异常变化的警报，并相应地采取措施。客户还可使用Osprey Reach监视火炬塔，以确保它们正确燃烧。如果检测出问题，将立即向利益相关方发送警报，从而实现跟踪检查，并提高向监管机构报告事件的便捷性与准确性。红外成像仪可监测夜间光线不足的场所。专业的光学气体成像照相机可探测出甲烷与其他气体的存在。客户凭借这些数据，可查明泄漏源，确定出维修的优先顺序。 偏远地区的互联网 IIoT与可视化监控系统在没有网络的情况下无法有效地运行，然而在现场，互联网往往很昂贵且难以实现。为了解决这个问题，Osprey******（INET）合作，后者拥有自己的私有*G / LTE无线频谱，主要运行在*** MHz频谱上。该频谱提供的服务范围是其他频谱的*到**倍，因此在油气资产所在的诸多偏远地区，INET公司依然能够对通信的质量、可靠性与覆盖范围进行更多的控制。利用INET公司的技术，Osprey可以向整个企业的用户提供准确、及时的数据。In the face of volatile commodity prices, increasing regulation and global competition, oil and gas companies need to manage costs while mitigating safety and environmental risks to be successful. Many companies are turning to technology to drive these needed operational improvements. The concept of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) has long been touted as the key to making oil and gas operations more efficient, safe and environmentally sound, with increased productivity and labor cost savings. The IIoT basically involves sensing, communications and analytics capabilities, where data are captured by sensors, transmitted over a network and analyzed by computers, typically in the cloud. Information is then sent to end users to make faster, more informed operational decisions. While some oil and gas companies have been slow to implement IIoT strategies, and some projects that do get implemented fail to deliver the expected return on investment, it is nevertheless clear that with the emergence of enabling technologies (e.g., cloud computing and artificial intelligence [AI]), the IIoT represents a truly revolutionary opportunity for the industry. The IIoT has a massive potential to allow oil and gas companies to improve worker productivity while ensuring safety and environmental compliance. One technology that can help unlock the value of IIoT deployments is intelligent visual monitoring, where video streams are captured from internet-connected cameras and automatically analyzed by video analytics to look for anomalies, such as leaks or suspicious activity. “Some of the most innovative Internet of Things applications involve video analytics—a technology that applies machine learning algorithms to video feeds, allowing cameras to recognize people, objects and situations automatically. These applications are relatively new, but several factors are encouraging their growth, including the increased sophistication of analytical algorithms and lower costs for hardware, software and storage,” according to McKinsey & Co.’s “Video Meets the Internet of Things” article. Visual monitoring systems Companies like Osprey Informatics are delivering intelligent visual monitoring solutions to the oil and gas industry. The Osprey Reach intelligent visual monitoring platform captures video from any number of cameras across a company’s operations. It then analyzes these data with computer vision, a type of AI that automatically detects activity or equipment anomalies from images and video. It also correlates data from images and video with data from other sensors and systems for greater context and reliability. End users can then be alerted on events of interest by creating personalized alerts and reports. For example, companies use intelligent visual monitoring technologies to understand vehicle and people activity at remote sites. By accurately detecting vehicles and/or people and sending summary reports or alerts to remote users, companies can increase site security, monitor lone workers and verify contractor work by matching time on site with invoices. In these scenarios, it is critical to ensure few false alerts so the users will trust the system. To reduce false alerts, Osprey uses a two-stage process where motion analytics is used to detect movement, and images from the motion event are then analyzed with a computer vision algorithm to confirm the presence of a vehicle or person. This process greatly reduces the false alerts associated with video analytics in outdoor environments. Exception-based alerts are then sent to users that have subscribed to these types of events. As such, users get alerts that are accurate and actionable. As a key part of a broader IIoT ecosystem, it is important that the data from visual monitoring be correlated with data from other sensors and systems to give customers a greater understanding of their operations, without dealing with multiple screens, applications and datasets. For example, a company may receive an alert from a SCADA system indicating that a tank level has suddenly dropped. Adding an image of that tank to the SCADA alert will quickly allow the operator to identify the cause of the drop, whether it is due to a leak or the presence of a tanker truck taking on fuel. This integrated view can be presented in the SCADA software interface or in the visual monitoring system itself. For example, Osprey partnered with Zedi Solutions, and the Zedi Access analytics platform displays images from Osprey Reach that are correlated with alerts generated by the Zedi system. Customers are then able to get greater insight into critical events and take action accordingly by viewing real-time and historical imagery combined with SCADA data. Customers also use visual monitoring systems to remotely inspect equipment and infrastructure rather than performing in-person site inspections. Users are able to do a site tour by controlling a pan-tilt-zoom camera through a menu of preset locations and view and report on multiple assets. This information can then easily be shared for collaboration and work prioritization. This solution allows multiple assets to be monitored by a single, specialized camera. Remote online inspections allow customers to significantly improve productivity while increasing safety and reducing emissions by cutting the need to drive to the site. Environmental protection, regulatory compliance Osprey Reach is not only used to monitor and inspect remote and unmanned sites but also used for environmental protection and improved regulatory compliance. Organizations face substantial fines and regulatory fees for releasing fugitive emissions, such as methane. Fortunately, visual monitoring systems also can operate in thermal and infrared spectrums, allowing users to see things that are otherwise invisible to the naked eye. For example, thermal cameras can detect temperature changes, which could indicate equipment overheating or an injection well leaking fluid. Users can then be alerted to these condition changes and take action accordingly. Clients also use Osprey Reach to monitor flare stacks to make sure they are burning properly. If a problem is detected, an alert will immediately be sent to stakeholders, enabling an inspection audit trail and increasing the ease and accuracy of incident reporting to regulatory bodies. Infrared imagery can be used to monitor poorly lit sites at night and to detect the presence of methane and other gasses through specialized optical gas imaging cameras. These data can then be used to pinpoint the source of leaks and to prioritize repairs. Internet in remote areas IIoT and visual monitoring cannot operate efficiently without connectivity out in the field, where the internet is often expensive and hard to implement. To overcome this issue, Osprey partnered with Infrastructure Networks (INET), which has its own private *G/LTE wireless spectrum, running primarily over the ***-MHz spectrum. This spectrum provides service over an area four to ** times larger than other spectrums, allowing INET more control over quality, reliability and coverage in remote locations, where many oil and gas assets are located. Access to INET’s solution further enables Osprey to deliver accurate and timely data to users across the enterprise.点赞