Universal Subsea推出的海底设备防护液是一种划时代的产品，树立了行业标杆。 编译 | 惊蛰 近日，Universal Subsea（USI）推出了一种革命性的环保型海底设备防腐液，目前已经投入商业应用。 Defender Stasis LT防腐液是一种轻质，无毒，可生物降解的设备保护液体，可为海底设备组件和表面轮廓提供长期保护。此外，该流体与油田服务中的所有常用金属和非金属材料兼容。 Universal Subsea总经理Sean Thomas说：“就产品本身来说，Defender Stasis LT防腐液是独树一帜的存在，与当前市面上的所有产品都不同。这种专利保存液的环保标准远远超过美国EPA和OSPAR的海上钻井液的排放要求。此外，该流体还符合各国对润滑剂和全损耗润滑剂排放的严格规定。生态和环保是该技术最具代表性标签，Defender Stasis LT是第一个符合全球海上石油生产国**小时/日使用监管要求的海底井口保护液。” 在USI开发最先进的非金属低压海底隔离产品线时，最终确定了对******需要一种轻型防腐液，用于海底井口、采油树保护的长期使用，或临时/永久废弃井的防腐。然而，当前市场上应用的防腐流都存在着主要缺点，包括高毒性，侵蚀弹性体，比重不合理，高可燃性或结垢等问题。 “海底井口保护液会直接排放到海洋环境中，我们想要的是一种对海洋生物完全无毒的液体产品，同时带来最小的环境影响。在认识到海洋油气市场对更好的海底设备保护液需求后，我们着手开发了该产品。 Defender Stasis LT具有较长的保质期和使用寿命，但如果释放到环境中则会迅速生物降解。“ 与该公司的低压隔离防护技术结合，USI拥有业内最为全面的水下井口和采油树防腐能力，同时还能有效防止结垢和海洋生物繁殖。在水深***m以内的作业地区，腐蚀和海洋生物附着是水下设备受到的主要威胁。此外，井口及采油树密封圈的钙化、结垢等问题原因还未完全掌握。 由于钙质沉积的普遍问题，几乎每次ROV操作时工作人员都必须擦洗环形垫圈。 这些现场清洁作业目前被业界公认为标准做法，但它们极有可能为非常精确加工的环形垫圈型材带来损伤，从而降低设备完整性。 在每一次长时间的清洁操作或较短持续时间的多次清洁操作之后，设备的后续使用性能都存在很大的风险，即井的液体密封性能或气密完整性可能被永久性损坏。 在海洋油气开发中，大型设备组件和作业工具腐蚀是另一个普遍问题。在压力测试或高湿度条件下，大型设备内通常会残留水，这会导致腐蚀和可靠性问题。 Defender Stasis LT是海底设备保护的理想选择，可以在设备运输、储存或湿式停车期间保护水下采油树、海底歧管、跳线、出油管等设备内部，防止腐蚀等问题发生。 “出于环保方面的考虑，我们的目的是开发出一流的环保型防腐液，但Defender Stasis LT的应用性能远远超出了我们的预期。这种生物基液体的自然高极性提供了卓越的润湿和水驱替性能。流体中的基础油将主动取代水、其他含水流体和大多数石油基流体，通过添加特殊的缓蚀剂添加剂，充分保护金属部件免受腐蚀。 与其它具有类似功能的替代流体相比，Defender Stasis LT为非金属材料储存提供更温和的环境更为，防止某些情况下侵蚀非金属密封和涂层问题的发生。“ Defender Stasis LT还能提供卓越的操作人员作业安全保障。由于挥发性非常低，闪点和燃点高，因此该液体被评为耐火型液压油。及时作业人员与该产品接触，液体的毒性也可忽略不计，危险性为同类产品最低。 此外，Defender Stasis LT可回收使用，在重新加工后能够恢复到其原始规格。对于在使用后产品的运输或存储应用，用户可以选择回收流体，节约废液处理成本。与其它保存液应用成本相比，Defender Stasis LT不仅避免了处理成本，而且还为流体循环利用提供了显着的成本节约。 Defender Stasis LT为同类产品性能建立了新的标准，作为同类最佳的防腐液，同时能够满足陆地和海洋作业要求，对于计划内或偶发的意外事件同样有效，即使发生偶然排放问题，也能最大限度地减少对环境的影响。Universal Subsea, Inc. (USI) has introduced a revolutionary, environmentally friendly, subsea equipment preservation fluid for commercial use globally. Defender Stasis LT preservation fluid is a lightweight, nontoxic, biodegradable preservation fluid that provides long-term protection for subsea equipment components and interface profiles. The fluid is compatible with all commonly used metals and nonmetallic materials in oilfield service. “Defender Stasis LT preservation fluid is in a class by itself,” stated Sean Thomas, P.E., general manager, Universal Subsea, Inc. “This patented preservation fluid far exceeds U.S. EPA and OSPAR requirements for offshore drilling fluids discharged to sea. The fluid also meets or exceeds the much stricter regulations for Environmentally Acceptable Lubricants and Total Loss Lubricants per U.S. EPA, OSPAR, E.U. Ecolabel and other national Ecolabel programs. Defender Stasis LT is the first subsea wellhead preservation fluid that meets regulatory requirements for **-hr/day use in offshore oil-producing countries worldwide.” As background, the requirement for the product was identified during development of USI’s state-of-the-art, nonmetallic, low-pressure, subsea isolation cap product line. The company needed a lightweight preservation fluid for subsea wellheads and trees for long-term use, temporary abandonments and permanently abandoned wells. However, commercially available fluids exhibited major shortcomings, including high toxicity, potential for elastomer attack, improper specific gravity, elevated flammability or undesirable sheen-forming properties. “Subsea wellhead preservation fluids are discharged directly to the marine environment,” remarked Thomas. “We wanted a fluid that would be completely nontoxic to aquatic life while providing the lowest overall environmental impact. We recognized that the offshore market needed a better subsea wellhead preservation fluid, and we set out to develop a best-in-class product. Defender Stasis LT provides a long shelf life and service life, but biodegrades rapidly if released to the environment.” Combined with their low-pressure isolation cap technology, USI has the first comprehensive solution to protect subsea wellheads and subsea tree mandrels from corrosion, calcareous deposits and marine growth. While corrosion and marine growth are well known problems in water depths up to *,*** ft (*** m), the issues with calcareous deposits on wellhead and tree ring gasket profiles are not well understood in the industry. Because of the widespread issues with calcareous deposits, ROV crews must scrub the ring gasket profile nearly every time an operator performs an intervention to a subsea well. These field cleaning activities are accepted as standard practice in the industry, yet they pose a significant likelihood of creating out-of-tolerance conditions for the very precisely machined ring gasket profile. After one lengthy cleaning operation or several cleaning operations of shorter duration, there is a substantial risk that the liquid-sealing performance or gas-sealing integrity of the well may be permanently damaged. Corrosion of large equipment assemblies and running tools is another widespread problem in the offshore industry. Large equipment often retains residual water in the internal bores from pressure testing or condensed humidity, which can cause corrosion and reliability problems. Defender Stasis LT is ideal for subsea equipment preservation use to protect the internals of subsea trees, subsea manifolds, jumpers, flowlines and PLETs/PLEMs during shipping, storage or wet parking. “We set out to develop a top-notch preservation fluid for environmental considerations, but Defender Stasis LT has far exceeded our expectations,” concluded Thomas. “The naturally high polarity of this bio-based fluid provides superior wetting and water displacement properties. The base oils in the fluid will actively out-displace water, other aqueous fluids and most petroleum-based fluids, supplemented with special corrosion inhibitor additives to fully protect metallic components from corrosion. The fluid is more benign to nonmetallic materials than alternative fluids, which can attack nonmetallic seals and coatings in some instances.” Defender Stasis LT provides exceptional personnel safety. The fluid is rated as a fire-resistant hydraulic fluid because of very low volatility with a high flash point and high fire point. The fluid has negligible toxicity in the event of personnel exposure and is rated as a negligible hazard or minimally toxic for all personnel ratings. Defender Stasis LT is recyclable and can be reprocessed to its original specifications. For shipping or storage applications where the preservation fluid is recovered after use, customers can choose to recycle the fluid rather than paying for disposal costs. This option not only avoids disposal costs but also provides significant cost savings for the recycled fluid compared to the cost of new preservation fluid. Defender Stasis LT sets a new standard for performance as a best-in-class preservation fluid while minimizing environmental impact in the event of planned, unplanned or incidental discharges to land, inland waters, coastal waters or offshore waters.